Basic Structure and Components
The screw rotor pump mainly consists of components such as the pump body and spiral rotors. The pump body is a closed outer casing, which provides support and accommodation space for the entire pumping process. The rotor is the core component, and its shape is spiral. There are usually different forms such as single screw, twin screw and triple screw. These rotors mesh with each other inside the pump body or fit closely with the inner wall of the pump body and are able to rotate around their own axes.
Suction Process
When the rotor starts to rotate, the space between the spiral groove and the pump body will change. At the inlet, due to the rotation of the rotor, this space gradually increases, thus creating a negative pressure at the inlet. This negative pressure is like a suction source, which enables the liquid to be sucked into this gradually expanding space, that is, the conveying chamber, under the action of atmospheric pressure.
For example, imagine a container that is constantly opening. Under the action of pressure difference, the external liquid will naturally flow into this container. The rotation of the rotor here is equivalent to constantly opening this "container" (the conveying chamber) to allow the liquid to enter smoothly.
Conveying Process
As the rotor continues to rotate, the liquid is enclosed in the spiral channel formed by the rotor and the pump body. Due to the spiral shape of the rotor, the liquid is steadily pushed along the spiral channel. During this process, the precise cooperation between the rotors (for multi-screw pumps) or between the rotor and the pump body (for single-screw pumps) ensures that the liquid can only move along the spiral channel towards the outlet.
It can be analogized to a spiral slide. People (equivalent to the liquid) are restricted within the slide (the spiral channel). As the slide rotates (the rotor rotates), people can only move along the slide from one end (the inlet) to the other end (the outlet).
Discharge Process
The pushed liquid finally reaches the outlet. Due to the continuous rotation of the rotor, new liquid is constantly pushed over, forming a continuous liquid flow at the outlet, thus realizing the discharge of the liquid. The whole process is continuous. As long as the rotor keeps rotating, the liquid will be continuously sucked in, conveyed and discharged, completing the task of continuous liquid conveyance.
It's just like a continuously operating conveyor belt that transports goods (liquid) continuously from one place (the inlet) to another place (the outlet).
