Working Principle
The screw rotor pump usually consists of components such as the pump body and spiral rotors. Its working principle is based on the screw meshing principle. Inside the pump body, there are two or more rotating blades (screws) that mesh with each other. These blades fit precisely and form a closed conveying chamber during the rotation process.
When the rotor rotates, the space between the spiral groove and the pump body constantly changes, creating a negative pressure at the inlet, which causes the liquid to be sucked into the conveying chamber. As the rotor continues to rotate, the liquid is pushed along the spiral channel to the outlet, thus realizing the continuous conveyance of the liquid.
Characteristics
Stable Flow: It has the characteristic of positive displacement and can provide a stable and continuous flow. It is not affected by changes in back pressure, ensuring efficient liquid conveyance. It is especially suitable for the process where a high requirement for flow stability exists.
Strong Self-priming Ability: It can suck in liquid below the horizontal position of the pump without the need for additional priming devices. This makes it very practical in situations where there are large changes in the liquid level during conveyance or when long-distance conveyance is required.
Adaptability to High-viscosity Media: It can handle high-viscosity liquids well and can even convey media containing solid particles, such as thick polymer solutions in the chemical industry, jam, fruit pulp and other materials containing fruit particles in food processing.
Stable Pressure: The output pressure is stable and can reach a relatively high pressure as needed. It is suitable for quantitative conveyance over long distances or with high resistance.
Low Noise and Low Vibration: The special design makes it have low noise and vibration during operation, reducing the impact on the working environment and equipment and providing a quieter and more comfortable working environment.
Corrosion Resistance and Wear Resistance: It is usually made of materials that are corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant, suitable for conveying various corrosive or abrasive media and can extend the service life of the pump.
Classification
Single Screw Pump: The main working parts are the eccentric screw (rotor) and the fixed bushing (stator). Due to their special geometric shapes, separate sealed chambers are formed respectively. The medium flows evenly in the axial direction, with a low internal flow velocity, a constant volume, stable pressure, and no vortex or agitation generated. The single screw pump is suitable for conveying high-viscosity fluids and media containing hard suspended particles or fibers.
Twin Screw Pump: It relies on the meshing screws to suck and convey liquid, and its working principle is similar to that of the gear pump. The twin screw pump has the advantages of compact structure, basically no pulsation in flow and pressure, stable operation, long service life and high efficiency. It is applicable to a wide range of liquid types and viscosities.
Triple Screw Pump: It is composed of three meshing screws. The middle one is the driving screw, and the two on the sides are the driven screws. The triple screw pump has the characteristics of large flow, high pressure and low noise. It is commonly used for the conveyance of lubricating oil, fuel oil, hydraulic oil and other media in industries such as petrochemical, shipping and power.
Application Fields
Chemical Industry: It is used to convey various chemical raw materials, intermediates, finished products, etc., such as polymer solutions, resins, coatings, glues, etc., and can meet the requirements for the conveyance of high-viscosity and corrosive media in chemical production.
Food Processing Industry: It can convey food materials such as milk, yogurt, honey, jam, chocolate, meat paste, etc., ensuring the quality and hygiene of food. Meanwhile, it can also adapt to the conveyance requirements of different viscosities and materials containing particles.
Pharmaceutical Industry: It can achieve high-precision conveyance of drugs, reagents, liquid medicines, etc., ensuring the quality and safety of pharmaceuticals. It is often used in links such as raw material conveyance, liquid medicine preparation and filling in the pharmaceutical manufacturing process.
Paper-making Industry: It is used to convey pulp, adhesives, additives, etc., which helps to improve the production quality and efficiency of paper.
Sewage Treatment Industry: It can convey sewage, sludge, chemicals, etc. It has good conveyance performance for sewage containing solid particles and fibers and plays an important role in links such as sludge dewatering and sewage conveyance in sewage treatment plants.
Petroleum Industry: It conveys crude oil, oil sludge, asphalt, coal water slurry, coal tar, etc. It is especially suitable for the conveyance of high-viscosity oil products such as heavy oil and thick oil. It can also be used in the polymer flooding process in the later stage of oil fields.
Precautions for Installation and Use
Installation Position: Ensure that the pump body is installed horizontally to avoid tilting or vibration, so as to guarantee the normal operation and service life of the pump.
Suction Pipeline: A filter must be installed on the suction pipeline to prevent solid impurities from entering the pump body and causing damage. Meanwhile, the pipeline must be cleaned thoroughly before installation to prevent foreign objects from damaging the stator and rotor and causing blockages.
Pipeline Matching: The diameter of the pipeline should match that of the pump as much as possible to ensure sufficient supply of materials to the pump and stable discharge.
Regular Inspection: During the use process, regularly check the wear condition of the pump and replace the severely worn parts in a timely manner to ensure the performance and reliability of the pump.
